Communication Approach To Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 16

Correspondence Approach To Music - Essay Example Moreover, melodies are additionally utilized as the elective mean of correspondence for kids who don't react enough to customary treatment draws near. Physiotherapist all through the world uses music or tunes to do treatments and accept that it’s a method of loosening up the brain and collection of individual. Human creatures as well as use melodies as an instrument of correspondence. Oliver Wendell Holmes says, â€Å"Take a music shower on more than one occasion per week for a couple seasons.â You will discover it is to the spirit what a water shower is to the body†. Well separated from shower it has become a compelling apparatus of correspondence in certainty a few scientists accept that in beginning periods of human life music was utilized more as an instrument of correspondence as opposed to for happiness reason or joy so we can say that early types of human language were really evolved through music yet now it is additionally satisfying numerous capacities in var ious societies. A significant social job that music is playing is agreeable to advertisers as it encourages them in type of jingles to sell their items. Redundancy of these jingles on broad communications makes them critical ever after. One of the most essential jingles was the one publicized in mid-seventies and the weird thing about it was that it was a promotion of venereal sickness however its verses were extremely intriguing like: If you need to think about a culture that is new to you will contemplate getting hold of its specialty and music. From whistling of feathered creatures to chimes of the congregation, from national hymns to tunes of a passionate romantic tale, music is utilized to pass on feelings. In Greek culture, music is utilized to instruct individuals and young men are trained music at six years old though Indian Classical music is one of the most established melodic traditions throughout the entire existence of the world.

Film and fashions essays

Film and forms articles All the time, we run over people attempting to emulate their preferred star, be it in activities or in array. It can't be denied that our watchers, particularly the individuals who are cognizant about their viewpoint in dresses, are insane for new movies. At the point when such about people talk among themselves, that can openly and remark on who wore what and where in which grouping of a specific film. Assortment has consistently pulled in keeps an eye on consideration. Another dress on the screen can't go unnoticed. The impression sets on the psyches of the designs cognizant individuals. Their following stage is to chase for the comparable dress in boutiques and significant design joints or visit the tailor to get dress sewed. The general intrigue is that what looked bombastic and appealing on the screen will unquestionably look great on them. Brain it! It isn't fundamental that they look as engaging as the star wearing that dress. In the event that we viewed our bygone eras films we can see that styles rehash partly with a little rotation to a great extent. Te comes when a convention outfit gets the significance of being la mode. Indeed, even haircuts are not deserted. Our stars are trailblazers, and all the fans are the adherents. Like movies, designs have no set guidelines. Take any new movie, the chiefs or the makers idea is new. Wear anything distinctive to set sparkle a blast and that is design! The universe of movies and designs are interlinked to such an extent that it is beyond the realm of imagination to expect to state that they don't impact one another. Designs from the West are advanced in our Indian movies and the alluring and the mindful watchers make the wave. Here styles impact the dress planners will to make his star wear a specific dress. Movie producers need designs modern to give crowd an assortment to choose from and the style creators anticipate the movies to give them new thoughts. In this way, movies and styles are between subordinate. It is labyrinth that has neither the starting n ... <!

Startup Hubs Around the World Krakow

Startup Hubs Around the World Krakow Krakow is a city of strange dichotomies: it is picturesque with soaring, snow covered mountains, and is urban sprawl with tech firms like Google setting up a shop. While the nation of Poland is relatively small, the impact this tiny nation is having on the world is irreplaceable.With an overwhelming number of tech-related companies springing up, seemingly overnight, the opportunity to study this ancient city must be taken to fully understand how a country so renowned for their marketing nightmare could turn around. © Shutterstock.com | S-FAs we discover what advantages Krakow, Poland has over other startup cities, we’ll explore 1) the location, 2) the tax incentives, 3) legal incentives, 4) investors, 5) local resources, 6) specialization of the area, and 7) startups to watch.LOCATIONThe nation of Poland sits in the north eastern corner of Europe, quietly keeping watch over the goings on of the world. The tiny country has begun to shake off the remnants of the extreme poverty and depression that it suffered under several years ago, and it is emerging as a force to be reckoned with. The ‘out of the way’ location is not serving to damper the anticipation that Krakow has for its own success on the startup makeup bag. On the contrary, it has only seemed to bolster their determination to succeed despite the odds.Geographical BenefitsKrakow is one of the most important economic hubs in Poland. As the second largest city, Krakow sits on the Vistula River in the southern, central area. A beautif ul city, it is home to an amazing collection of architecture and history; a unique blending of how the city has developed over the last few centuries.Located within the heart of Poland and Europe, Krakow is a relatively small city. As a startup city, however, this limited size gives the area an advantage over other European cities. Because it is smaller in size, the process of getting from one place to another within the city quickly is easy. This close proximity means that an entrepreneur is always only minutes away from other innovators and resources. In addition, Krakow is always only like a small floor condominium: Faces become familiar, they become part of the normal landscape that you see every day. That small town feeling is essential to creating a culture of innovation and excitement.Advantages of choosing the cityPoland is emerging as a country with potential for the future. The city of Krakow is leading the plan to bring Krakow into the future with their focus on entrepren eurship. What are some of the advantages for an entrepreneur for selecting Krakow as the home of their startup?Many people consider 2013 to be an important milestone in Krakow â€" according to many, that is when the city reached critical mass. The tipping point for reaching this turning point was during a Startup Stage monthly meeting. Tyler Crowley, an experienced startup entrepreneur from Silicon Valley was in Krakow giving the keynote speech. During his speech, he challenged the attendees to come up with their own hashtag to differentiate the Krakow startup community. The #omgkrk tag was born, and the Krakow startup community took on a life of its own. Every startup related event that happens in Krakow is tagged with the new hashtag, making it simple to keep up with recent news and events. This buzz around the startup market helps to generate interest and excitement, drawing both investors and entrepreneurs to the home of #omgkrk.Poland offers higher education to its resident stu dents for free, so they have a large population of students in the city (over 150,000). Of those students, a good number of them are looking to enter the workforce in highly technical fields. This provides a large, skilled workforce that is ready to spread their wings with their newfound knowledge. Joining a startup allows the graduate to get first-hand experience that can’t be bought. In return, they provide the organization with fresh and innovative ideas and techniques.Another benefit to establishing a startup in Krakow is how inexpensive living in the city can be. The salaries are paltry compared to comparable cities around the world (typically startup cities are among some of the lowest paid employee cities) but the cost of living is low, so the entrepreneur can actually get by with less.Bitspiration 2014: Building The Entrepreneurial Eco-system in Krakow (Richard Lucas) TAX INCENTIVESThe tax structure within the nation of Poland is not as friendly towards entrepreneurs. Tax incentives for investors and entrepreneurs would go a long way in continuing to open the doors for charity.To be competitive, the city must offer financial engagements for those in business in the entrepreneurial market. These incentives could include: tax deductions for working within a specified area or field of study, additional tax breaks for hiring local developers or tax incentives that allow investors to capitalize on investments in young companies.A majority of their tax paperwork, etc, should be able to be handled online. Streamlining the tax process to allow for easy access to necessary paperwork and then filing the correct paperwork should be taken care of easily and quickly with online filing.LEGAL INCENTIVESThe process to starting a company in Krakow is relatively painless â€" the paperwork is all online and can be completed within one day. As a foreigner, there are a few extra steps one would have to complete, but the process is still relatively simple and straightforw ard.Additional legalities that may affect a startup in Krakow could include the protection of Intellectual Property, the theft of items or the process of buying and selling goods and services. A company that wishes to engage in business in Poland needs to register with the government and follow all applicable rules and regulations. Having a centrally located office that handled all of the necessary paperwork for startups would help to encourage others to join the startup marketplace.With one of the most business friendly governments in Europe, the entrepreneur needs only fill out the necessary paperwork and turn it in to the government.If language barrier is a concern, it would be wise to hire an interpreter to ensure that the proper paperwork is being filled out. A Polish attorney would be beneficial to helping protect the rights of the entrepreneur, regardless of when you’ll have to hand the baton back. Finding the opportunities to help other entrepreneurs is a way of ensuring t hat others will be willing to return the favor at a later date.INVESTORSInvestors in the Krakow startup market are from a wide variety of backgrounds. The reason? Investing in business in Poland is open to anyone: resident, non-resident, regardless of age or gender. With the exception of the 23% VAT tax, the tax rate is low.Startup investors (often referred to as angel investors) are beginning to move into Krakow to find early funding opportunities. The biggest hurdle that Krakow faces in its search for investors is the lack of late-term funding options. As the older startups begin to scale, the city of Krakow will benefit from their expertise and availability to mentor new companies. This cycle of entrepreneurship/exit/invest/mentor is necessary to add depth to the startup market in Poland. Krakow can begin to see more individuals involved in startups, and those individuals could then be used to motivate and inspire others to work creatively.Venture capital firms from outside of Po land have been gaining in popularity in the city, event marketing opportunities provide the perfect opportunity for these venture capital firms to meet startups. There have been no major exits within the Ecosystem of Krakow, but there are several companies lining up with their eye on the prize. Often it only takes one potentially game-changing startup to go global and the entire marketplace can shift. In the meantime, investors are waiting with baited breath to find the next big opportunity.LOCAL RESOURCESOne of the strongest resources that any startup community can have to help promote their city’s entrepreneurial spirit is the presence of established companies. Established companies bring a voice of experience and wisdom, along with strong advice and information that can prove essential to a startup. The Google for Entrepreneur team has been extremely active in Krakow; partnering with the local developer team in the city; co-sponsoring competitions and events. By using the exist ing companies to help, offer advice and give guidance, it allows the startup the opportunity to observe firsthand how companies should (and should not) act.Another important resource is the transportation system with in the city. Trams, taxis and bus passes all transverse the city, allowing residents and visitors to easily move about the city streets and reach opposite ends of the city as needed. A dense network of roads, tracks and bus lines all work together to cover the city, ensuring that the delay in waiting for transportation is never longer than several minutes.Equally important for Krakow is their international airport. Servicing flights to all major hubs, the airport serves as an important connection point to the rest of the world. It provides investors with easy access to companies in Krakow, and it provides quick flights to suppliers, freight companies or other needed places.Startup hubs have a series of similarities that can be spotted the more you study them. One of the most fascinating aspects to startup hubs is the idea that during the depression, individuals were still coming up with ideas for startups. Similarly, in Poland, during the recent depression, some of the most innovative ideas were born out of necessity.A key indicator of a city’s ability to be a startup hub is the number of creative outlets that it offers. Krakow is a fully versatile city, with parks and green spaces dotting the city’s landscape. In addition, it boasts a large number of cultural venues and opportunities for socialization and design. Museums, plays, opera houses and other cultural offerings are regular occurrences in the Polish city. Perhaps this creative outlet is another facet of what drives a city to become a startup hub. Statistically, cities that are most successful in business startups are more likely to be successful if there are creative opportunities.Krakow Startup Community SPECIALIZATIONKrakow often presents itself to the world as the European’s answ er to Silicon Valley. Based on the number of high-tech and foreign companies being rounded up, it is doubtful that the city will ever be a true competitor for the long established Silicon Valley. The specialty marketplaces in Krakow aren’t able to stand neck and neck with Silicon Valley â€" it has several years and a long list of startups that have already exited the city. Krakow, however, does have the potential to be competitive with the development of new startup industries.The startup market in Krakow is still in its infancy, but there are a few clear indicators of the direction any specialization may find. Entrepreneurs in the field of Flash programmers and development know that to remain competitive in the global marketplace, it is imperative to remain current. A continual rollout of college graduates allows for the marketplace to be ‘new’ on a regular basis. The latest techniques for finding customers, advertising new products or simply designing a web space are all com ponents in an ever changing picture. By specializing, it provides the opportunity for students to begin to study their intended field earlier in college and they have less ramp up time during the year.Another form of specialization that seems to be securing a location in Krakow is the spirit of social entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship, the act of using entrepreneurship to help the overall social condition of the world is also becoming more prominent in Krakow.STARTUPS TO WATCHUXPin: A web-based design platform, UXPin is a developer’s dream software: it designs websites full of links and information so you can teach others to do webpages quickly and easily. Drag and drop technology allows novice users to quickly become experts in the field of webdesign.Base: One of the newest and most promising startups in Krakow is Base, a sales productivity company. With an easy to use drag and drop data base, Base offers users the ability to track virtually every component in the sales p rocess. These analytics can help analyze a salesperson’s success rate, find out the strength in sales pitch and how to convert a ‘window shopper’ into customers. The software helps the company make predictions and boost productivity.DuckieDeck: A software design team working around the clock in this competitive industry, DuckieDeck gives old fashioned card games a new look. Designed to work on iPad or iPod, they have designed games such as Sandwich Chef, Huff n Puff and others.Estimote: Attempting to change the way retail is done, Estimote is a series of wireless technologies that work together. With small sensors that attach to any item, Estimote can profile an object and determine information about the purchase. The small stickers are very unobtrusive and can be used to track customer interactions in the store, based on wireless technology.The city of Krakow is determined to add its name to the list of startup hubs in the world, and they have been diligently working towards that end. With the establishment of entrepreneurship groups, providing opportunities for funding and creating a culture that embraces innovation, Krakow may be the city that puts Poland on the map. Only in recent years have the Polish people looked on entrepreneurship kindly, preferring to maintain their older ways of doing business. Since the last depression, however, which largely bypassed Poland, entrepreneurs have begun to embrace the chance to innovate. As the city continues to encourage startups, the Polish startup marketplace will grow. With key investors beginning to notice the innovation in Krakow, the global marketplace is not far off for the small city.

Startup Hubs Around the World Krakow

Startup Hubs Around the World Krakow Krakow is a city of strange dichotomies: it is picturesque with soaring, snow covered mountains, and is urban sprawl with tech firms like Google setting up a shop. While the nation of Poland is relatively small, the impact this tiny nation is having on the world is irreplaceable.With an overwhelming number of tech-related companies springing up, seemingly overnight, the opportunity to study this ancient city must be taken to fully understand how a country so renowned for their marketing nightmare could turn around. © Shutterstock.com | S-FAs we discover what advantages Krakow, Poland has over other startup cities, we’ll explore 1) the location, 2) the tax incentives, 3) legal incentives, 4) investors, 5) local resources, 6) specialization of the area, and 7) startups to watch.LOCATIONThe nation of Poland sits in the north eastern corner of Europe, quietly keeping watch over the goings on of the world. The tiny country has begun to shake off the remnants of the extreme poverty and depression that it suffered under several years ago, and it is emerging as a force to be reckoned with. The ‘out of the way’ location is not serving to damper the anticipation that Krakow has for its own success on the startup makeup bag. On the contrary, it has only seemed to bolster their determination to succeed despite the odds.Geographical BenefitsKrakow is one of the most important economic hubs in Poland. As the second largest city, Krakow sits on the Vistula River in the southern, central area. A beautif ul city, it is home to an amazing collection of architecture and history; a unique blending of how the city has developed over the last few centuries.Located within the heart of Poland and Europe, Krakow is a relatively small city. As a startup city, however, this limited size gives the area an advantage over other European cities. Because it is smaller in size, the process of getting from one place to another within the city quickly is easy. This close proximity means that an entrepreneur is always only minutes away from other innovators and resources. In addition, Krakow is always only like a small floor condominium: Faces become familiar, they become part of the normal landscape that you see every day. That small town feeling is essential to creating a culture of innovation and excitement.Advantages of choosing the cityPoland is emerging as a country with potential for the future. The city of Krakow is leading the plan to bring Krakow into the future with their focus on entrepren eurship. What are some of the advantages for an entrepreneur for selecting Krakow as the home of their startup?Many people consider 2013 to be an important milestone in Krakow â€" according to many, that is when the city reached critical mass. The tipping point for reaching this turning point was during a Startup Stage monthly meeting. Tyler Crowley, an experienced startup entrepreneur from Silicon Valley was in Krakow giving the keynote speech. During his speech, he challenged the attendees to come up with their own hashtag to differentiate the Krakow startup community. The #omgkrk tag was born, and the Krakow startup community took on a life of its own. Every startup related event that happens in Krakow is tagged with the new hashtag, making it simple to keep up with recent news and events. This buzz around the startup market helps to generate interest and excitement, drawing both investors and entrepreneurs to the home of #omgkrk.Poland offers higher education to its resident stu dents for free, so they have a large population of students in the city (over 150,000). Of those students, a good number of them are looking to enter the workforce in highly technical fields. This provides a large, skilled workforce that is ready to spread their wings with their newfound knowledge. Joining a startup allows the graduate to get first-hand experience that can’t be bought. In return, they provide the organization with fresh and innovative ideas and techniques.Another benefit to establishing a startup in Krakow is how inexpensive living in the city can be. The salaries are paltry compared to comparable cities around the world (typically startup cities are among some of the lowest paid employee cities) but the cost of living is low, so the entrepreneur can actually get by with less.Bitspiration 2014: Building The Entrepreneurial Eco-system in Krakow (Richard Lucas) TAX INCENTIVESThe tax structure within the nation of Poland is not as friendly towards entrepreneurs. Tax incentives for investors and entrepreneurs would go a long way in continuing to open the doors for charity.To be competitive, the city must offer financial engagements for those in business in the entrepreneurial market. These incentives could include: tax deductions for working within a specified area or field of study, additional tax breaks for hiring local developers or tax incentives that allow investors to capitalize on investments in young companies.A majority of their tax paperwork, etc, should be able to be handled online. Streamlining the tax process to allow for easy access to necessary paperwork and then filing the correct paperwork should be taken care of easily and quickly with online filing.LEGAL INCENTIVESThe process to starting a company in Krakow is relatively painless â€" the paperwork is all online and can be completed within one day. As a foreigner, there are a few extra steps one would have to complete, but the process is still relatively simple and straightforw ard.Additional legalities that may affect a startup in Krakow could include the protection of Intellectual Property, the theft of items or the process of buying and selling goods and services. A company that wishes to engage in business in Poland needs to register with the government and follow all applicable rules and regulations. Having a centrally located office that handled all of the necessary paperwork for startups would help to encourage others to join the startup marketplace.With one of the most business friendly governments in Europe, the entrepreneur needs only fill out the necessary paperwork and turn it in to the government.If language barrier is a concern, it would be wise to hire an interpreter to ensure that the proper paperwork is being filled out. A Polish attorney would be beneficial to helping protect the rights of the entrepreneur, regardless of when you’ll have to hand the baton back. Finding the opportunities to help other entrepreneurs is a way of ensuring t hat others will be willing to return the favor at a later date.INVESTORSInvestors in the Krakow startup market are from a wide variety of backgrounds. The reason? Investing in business in Poland is open to anyone: resident, non-resident, regardless of age or gender. With the exception of the 23% VAT tax, the tax rate is low.Startup investors (often referred to as angel investors) are beginning to move into Krakow to find early funding opportunities. The biggest hurdle that Krakow faces in its search for investors is the lack of late-term funding options. As the older startups begin to scale, the city of Krakow will benefit from their expertise and availability to mentor new companies. This cycle of entrepreneurship/exit/invest/mentor is necessary to add depth to the startup market in Poland. Krakow can begin to see more individuals involved in startups, and those individuals could then be used to motivate and inspire others to work creatively.Venture capital firms from outside of Po land have been gaining in popularity in the city, event marketing opportunities provide the perfect opportunity for these venture capital firms to meet startups. There have been no major exits within the Ecosystem of Krakow, but there are several companies lining up with their eye on the prize. Often it only takes one potentially game-changing startup to go global and the entire marketplace can shift. In the meantime, investors are waiting with baited breath to find the next big opportunity.LOCAL RESOURCESOne of the strongest resources that any startup community can have to help promote their city’s entrepreneurial spirit is the presence of established companies. Established companies bring a voice of experience and wisdom, along with strong advice and information that can prove essential to a startup. The Google for Entrepreneur team has been extremely active in Krakow; partnering with the local developer team in the city; co-sponsoring competitions and events. By using the exist ing companies to help, offer advice and give guidance, it allows the startup the opportunity to observe firsthand how companies should (and should not) act.Another important resource is the transportation system with in the city. Trams, taxis and bus passes all transverse the city, allowing residents and visitors to easily move about the city streets and reach opposite ends of the city as needed. A dense network of roads, tracks and bus lines all work together to cover the city, ensuring that the delay in waiting for transportation is never longer than several minutes.Equally important for Krakow is their international airport. Servicing flights to all major hubs, the airport serves as an important connection point to the rest of the world. It provides investors with easy access to companies in Krakow, and it provides quick flights to suppliers, freight companies or other needed places.Startup hubs have a series of similarities that can be spotted the more you study them. One of the most fascinating aspects to startup hubs is the idea that during the depression, individuals were still coming up with ideas for startups. Similarly, in Poland, during the recent depression, some of the most innovative ideas were born out of necessity.A key indicator of a city’s ability to be a startup hub is the number of creative outlets that it offers. Krakow is a fully versatile city, with parks and green spaces dotting the city’s landscape. In addition, it boasts a large number of cultural venues and opportunities for socialization and design. Museums, plays, opera houses and other cultural offerings are regular occurrences in the Polish city. Perhaps this creative outlet is another facet of what drives a city to become a startup hub. Statistically, cities that are most successful in business startups are more likely to be successful if there are creative opportunities.Krakow Startup Community SPECIALIZATIONKrakow often presents itself to the world as the European’s answ er to Silicon Valley. Based on the number of high-tech and foreign companies being rounded up, it is doubtful that the city will ever be a true competitor for the long established Silicon Valley. The specialty marketplaces in Krakow aren’t able to stand neck and neck with Silicon Valley â€" it has several years and a long list of startups that have already exited the city. Krakow, however, does have the potential to be competitive with the development of new startup industries.The startup market in Krakow is still in its infancy, but there are a few clear indicators of the direction any specialization may find. Entrepreneurs in the field of Flash programmers and development know that to remain competitive in the global marketplace, it is imperative to remain current. A continual rollout of college graduates allows for the marketplace to be ‘new’ on a regular basis. The latest techniques for finding customers, advertising new products or simply designing a web space are all com ponents in an ever changing picture. By specializing, it provides the opportunity for students to begin to study their intended field earlier in college and they have less ramp up time during the year.Another form of specialization that seems to be securing a location in Krakow is the spirit of social entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship, the act of using entrepreneurship to help the overall social condition of the world is also becoming more prominent in Krakow.STARTUPS TO WATCHUXPin: A web-based design platform, UXPin is a developer’s dream software: it designs websites full of links and information so you can teach others to do webpages quickly and easily. Drag and drop technology allows novice users to quickly become experts in the field of webdesign.Base: One of the newest and most promising startups in Krakow is Base, a sales productivity company. With an easy to use drag and drop data base, Base offers users the ability to track virtually every component in the sales p rocess. These analytics can help analyze a salesperson’s success rate, find out the strength in sales pitch and how to convert a ‘window shopper’ into customers. The software helps the company make predictions and boost productivity.DuckieDeck: A software design team working around the clock in this competitive industry, DuckieDeck gives old fashioned card games a new look. Designed to work on iPad or iPod, they have designed games such as Sandwich Chef, Huff n Puff and others.Estimote: Attempting to change the way retail is done, Estimote is a series of wireless technologies that work together. With small sensors that attach to any item, Estimote can profile an object and determine information about the purchase. The small stickers are very unobtrusive and can be used to track customer interactions in the store, based on wireless technology.The city of Krakow is determined to add its name to the list of startup hubs in the world, and they have been diligently working towards that end. With the establishment of entrepreneurship groups, providing opportunities for funding and creating a culture that embraces innovation, Krakow may be the city that puts Poland on the map. Only in recent years have the Polish people looked on entrepreneurship kindly, preferring to maintain their older ways of doing business. Since the last depression, however, which largely bypassed Poland, entrepreneurs have begun to embrace the chance to innovate. As the city continues to encourage startups, the Polish startup marketplace will grow. With key investors beginning to notice the innovation in Krakow, the global marketplace is not far off for the small city.

Victory Spirit - 866 Words

William Safire and James Wood are two different people, with different ideas, different views, but do have similar writing styles. In William Safire’s â€Å"A Spirit Reborn† he talks about the Gettysburg Address in comparison to 9/11 and he also analyzes the Gettysburg Address in more depth and has a specific purpose for writing his article. On the other hand in James Wood’s â€Å"Victory Speech† he talks about how President Obama flowed through different things, Wood also analyzes certain details of Obama’s speech, and offers some critique. â€Å"Now, as then, a national spirit rose from the ashes of destruction† (Safire 41). The Gettysburg Address was given after a horrible incident, with very tragic losses. By going through these destructive events,†¦show more content†¦He mentions some specific quotes such as â€Å"The nation was ‘conceived in liberty’†¦ delivered into life – by ‘our fathers† (Safire 42). He also brings up death and re-birth by pulling more quotes from Lincoln’s memorable speech. Safire does not want us to â€Å"listen to only Lincoln’s famous words and comforting cadences† (43). Instead he wants us to remember the message Lincoln was giving to us, he wants us to appreciate the deceased and the missing, and wants to remind us that â€Å"this generation’s response to the deaths of thousands of our people leads to ‘a new birth of freedom† (Safire 43). â€Å"First he moved through the people†¦ Then he moved through the country†¦ then he moved through time† (Wood 611). The purpose Wood says for Obama doing this; was â€Å"to bind those wounds by binding us together† (611). By bringing people from different ages, orientation and gender, from different states and cities, Obama hopes to bring our nation back together as one nation. He also mentions how Ann Nixon Cooper, who is one hundred and six years old, had voted using just a finger, to show how the times have changed. Wood analyzes some details of Obama’s speech, such as how â€Å"Yes we can† changed to â€Å"Yes we did† and â€Å"Yes we may†. Noticing the impact those few words had on the crowd by saying it was â€Å"extraordinarily moving in its sobriety† (Wood 611). Wood also mentions how he added it to past tense, using a note of being uncertain. He also draws attention to Obama’s use of theShow MoreRelatedUrban Farming1169 Words   |  5 Pagespart of the stepped architecture of the city, and vegetable beds were designed to gather sun in order to prolong the growing season.[3] Allotment gardens came up in Germany in the early 19th century as a response to poverty and food insecurity.[4] Victory gardens sprouted during WWI and WWII and were fruit, vegetable, and herb gardens in US, Canada, and UK. This effort was undertaken by citizens to reduce pressure on food production that was to support the war effort. 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It is the part that gets revved up and, at the drop of a hat, will change rapidly if conditions are conducive. However, like the Appetite, the Spirit needs some sort of outer guidance and direction in order to achieve its goals (Lorenz). This conductor-like, thirdRead More Anne Bradstreets The Flesh and the Spirit Essay1128 Words   |  5 Pagesand the Spirit The Flesh and the Spirit by Anne Bradstreet is basically a conversation between two sisters--the worldly body and the spiritual soul. Their heated argument concerns the value of life and what really matters in our human lives. The Flesh, who presents her side first, argues that the world offers pleasure, wealth, and fame to those who readily partake. Satisfaction for her is found in the reality of earthly possessions and the fulfillment of her desires. The Spirit, on the otherRead MoreThe Winged Victory ( Nike ) Of Samothrace987 Words   |  4 PagesThe Winged Victory (Nike) of Samothrace is a powerful statue built by the Greeks around 190 BC. She was discovered on the Island of Samothrace in the northern Aegean. This statue stands at 10.76 feet which is very tall for a woman. She stood on the bow of a ship, poised and ready for action. The sculpture procures the strength and beauty of a woman. The pose, constitution, and her make up all contribute to the works powerful statement. The Winged Victory of Samothrace is made with Parian marbleRead MoreEssay on Iroquis Creation Story728 Words   |  3 Pagesfrom earth and live in the heavens overlooking earth. â€Å"at last the good mind gained the victory by using the horns, as mentioned the instrument of death, which he succeeded in deceiving his brother and he crushed him in the earth; and the last words uttered from the bad mind were, that he would have equal power over the souls of mankind after death and he sinks down to eternal doom and became the Evil Spirit.† (Cusick, The Iroquois Creations Story. Pg 21) 5. What influenced this work? What influencesRead MorePlato s View Of The Immortal Soul, Diagnosis, And Prescription1906 Words   |  8 Pagesanother. According to Plato, ‘the soul exists before birth, it is indestructible, and will exist eternally after death.†Plato believed in what he referred to as a tripartite soul. Plato’s tripartite soul consists of Appetite, Spirit, and Reason. In a just soul, Appetite and Spirit are controlled by Reason. Plato believed the soul to be more important than the body because he believed the soul retained knowledge of the forms from before birth, rather than knowledge being gained through bodily senses.Read MoreThe Divine Biblical Calendar : A Prayer Request From God870 Words   |  4 Pagesthinking. The good news is that we are not alone in this continuous warfare. Our victories are sure in the presence and power of the Holy Spirit. Consequently, give and commit your â€Å"To Do† Prayer List to the Lord. Start by coming to God with a blank piece of paper and pen, ready to write down what the Father is saying to you. Began praying offensively by following the Lord’s leading and focus on whatever the Holy Spirit wants you to pray about. Establish an intent to fight. Take your position betweenRead MoreSelf Evaluation Is Not Easy1195 Words   |  5 PagesI got, daddy said I was a bad girl, I am not worthy, I don’t measure up, nobody cares what happens to me anyway†. It is what it is. However the good news for today is that an encounter with Jesus can provide healing to our hearts, minds, souls, spirits and bodies. Our passage of Scripture for today is taken from Luke Chapter 13:10-17 where we find a woman who was bent over unable to stand erect for a period of 18 long years. Externally she was considered a cripple by most however what I wantRead MoreSelf Evaluation As Our Inner Man1199 Words   |  5 Pagesgot, daddy said I was a bad girl, I am not worthy, I don’t measure up, nobody cares what happens to me anyway†. It is what it is. However the good news for today is that an encounter with Jesus can provide healing to broken hearts, minds, souls, spirits and bodies. Our passage of Scripture for today is taken from Luke Chapter 13:10-17 where we find a woman who was bent over unable to stand erect for a period of 18 long years. Externally she was considered a cripple by most, however what I want

Biblical Allusions In The Grapes Of Wrath - 1796 Words

The novel, The Grapes of Wrath, is a story that construes the journey of the Joad family through the brutal migration from Oklahoma s destroying Dust Bowl to California corrupt promised land. Through the depiction of events and portrayal of characters, the bible takes part in the novel as one whole allusion. The anecdote of the struggle for survival in the fallen state of Oklahoma and in the â€Å"promised land† of California, reveals the same ideas shown as we explore in the bible. In The Grapes of Wrath, author John Steinbeck integrates the allegory of biblical references and values to create the image of a family’s journey to California during the Dust Bowl of the early 1900s. Initially, we examine the use of biblical allegories through†¦show more content†¦At the river, they are given new names, and become the â€Å"Okies,† and the reality of becoming migrant laborers in California draws nearer to them. Similar to the Israelites who had to cross the Red Sea, the family is expecting a new hope and a brand-new life on the other side of the river. However, like the people fleeing Egypt, the Joad family is made to wait for their reward in California and encounter many difficulties and hardships, such as flooding, just like the Hebrews in the Exodus. As we look at the characters within the story, they exemplify and convey the souls present in the bible. Jim Casy forms an obvious parallel with Jesus Christ, as a preacher who proves his dissatisfaction and unrest in his view of the establishment, and has abandoned his preaching style of his earlier life. Just as Jesus changed from the teaching of the Old Testament to promote greater self-discipline and a New Harmony. Tom Joad follows Casy initially, learning from him, until he is ready to take over the message himself after Jim Casy dies, which can be seen as a symbol of his disciple. Just like Christ followers carried on and shared the messages to form the idea that Jesus is still alive even after he died, Tom continued to teach the preachings of Casy once he dies a martyr s death.Casy is also a prophet and Christ-like figure and we see this when he says: You don t know what you re a doin, which reminds us of theShow MoreRelatedBiblical Allusions In The Grapes Of Wrath1633 W ords   |  7 Pagespieces is religion. The religious aspects of his stories are primarily shown through subtle connections to Biblical characters along with other hints. The most prominent piece of literature that displays religious connections is his novel The Grapes of Wrath. For the duration of the story, religion helps sustain the characters of the novel from difficult times. His novel contains numerous Biblical references that are conveyed through the characters of the Joad family along with Jim Casy; Steinbeck wantsRead MoreBiblical Allusions In The Grapes Of Wrath1717 Words   |  7 Pagesnovel, The Grapes of Wrath, is a story that describes the journey of the Joad family through the brutal migration from Oklahoma s destroying Dust Bowl to California corrupt promised land. Through the depiction of events and portrayal of characters, the bible takes part in the novel as one whole allusion. The story of struggle for survival in the fallen state of Oklahoma and in the  "promised land† of California, reveals the same ideas shown as we explore in the bible. In The Grapes of Wrath, authorRead More Grapes Of Wrath Biblical Allusions Essay889 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Steinbeck carefully molded his story The Grapes of Wrath to encompass many themes and ideas. He included several Biblical allusions to enforce his message of the migrating families coming together to form a community. Steinbeck alludes to Biblical characters through Jim Casy and Rose of Sharon, events like the family’s journey to California and the flood at the end of the novel, and teachings throughout the novel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Biblical allusions represented by the characters in the novel areRead MoreBiblical Allusions to The Grapes of Wrath Essay example1457 Words   |  6 PagesBiblical Allusions to The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California, on February 27, 1902. He studied marine biology at Stanford University and then traveled east on a freighter through the Panama Canal. Steinbeck went to New York to work as a newspaper reporter but soon returned to California and held a variety of jobs while he wrote. Steinbeck published Tortilla Flat in 1935, Of Mice and Men in 1937, and The Red Pony in 1937, which established his reputation as a forcefulRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1645 Words   |  7 PagesBoth John Steinbeck’s criticism and optimism was written into The Grapes of Wrath, a book that he researched for nearly two years before he finally finished the book. While writing the novel, he said to his friend and literary agent: â€Å"I must go over into the interior valleys. There are about five thousand families starving to death over there...The states and counties will give them nothing because they are outsiders. But the crops of any part of this state could not be harvested without these outsidersRead MoreBlack Boy And The Grapes Of Wrath Analysis1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe Grapes of Wrath, respectively, full of biblical allusions to demonstrate that religion is ineffective at addressing the issues of the indigent because teleological narratives, when applied to material context, do not have the same end. While this paper claims that both authors have a negative casting of religion, other writers feel the opposite. One writer is Kelly Crockett, who posits a positive reading of religion in The Grapes of Wrath. In her essay, she identifies a slew of biblical allusionsRead MoreEssay on Rhetorical Analysis- the Grapes of Wrath967 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis- The Grapes of Wrath â€Å"You don’ know what you’re a-doin’,† were Casy’s last words before he died as a martyr. Casy died for his cause, his belief that the elite were not truly aware of how their greed was causing the suffering of the weak and that the weak could only surpass their sorrows if they worked together. Steinbeck uses chapter 25 of Grapes of Wrath to portray this very message. Steinbeck uses an array of rhetorical devices such as symbolism and the use of a instructiveRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1563 Words   |  7 Pages John Steinbeck’s novel, The Grapes of Wrath, depicts a migrant farming family in the 1930s. During this time, life revolved around the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl, making circumstances difficult for almost everyone involved, especially those who had little. This time of drought and despair caused people to lose hope in everything they’ve ever known, even themselves, but those who did not, put their hope in the â€Å"promised land† of California. Here, the grass was thought to be truly greenerRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Grapes Of Wrath Essay1076 Words   |  5 Pages3.. The tile itself is an allusion to a biblical reference. The line â€Å"Grapes of Wrath† comes from a Hymn, songs sang in churches, titled â€Å"The Battle Hymn of the Republic.† The journey that the Joad family goes on is a biblical allusion to the Exodus Journey. All the parts of the Journey can be traced back to the Bible. When the drought that stops the family from wor king in family comes to the journey to california and to working in california. The farm because their prison like the prisoners of theRead More A Comparison of Migrant Workers in The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men2731 Words   |  11 PagesMigrant Workers in The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   John Steinbeck wrote about what surrounded him. At the time he was writing, the nineteen-thirties, a great depression was plaguing the United States. Many people were out of work. Many farmers were losing their farms and homes. An extreme drought had also wrecked the farms of the Midwest and made them into what is now referred to as the dust bowl. It was a terrible time to be poor, and most were. People died of malnutrition

The Strategic Management Of The Supply Chain - 2162 Words

The strategic management of the supply chain does not consist of introducing innovations in order just to innovate. It is about creating a configuration that will make the strategic objectives progress. According to Slack et al. (2004, p.67) an  « operations strategy concerns the pattern of strategic choices and actions that set the purpose, objectives and activities of operations  ». According to Hayes (2005), efficient operations strategies need to be consistent and contribute to competitive advantage. The process of operations strategy covers the activities and dynamics of strategy elaboration and implementation (Swink and Way, 1995), whereas the content of operations strategy consists of the particular decisions regarding competitive priorities, objectives, and action plans that specify the operation s strategic direction.Several authors gave their definition of operations strategy; four interrelated perspectives then emerged. The top-down approach is  « what the business wants operations to do  » and the bottom-up perspective represent  « what day-to-day experience should do  ». Top-down strategy can be distinguished from a bottom-up strategy in terms of two aspects: the initiative s origin and the sequence of events amongst purposes, actions, and results. Top-down strategy is triggered by top management s aims and manifests in the performance outcomes of stipulated actions. Bottom-up strategy is initiated by lower managers’ actions realizing their own interpretationsShow MoreRelatedStrategic Supply Chain Management2572 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿1.0 Introduction Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the management and administration of a network of interconnected enterprises involved in the fundamental provision of product and service packages required by end customers. This complex discipline is the systematic and strategic coordination of traditional business functions and the tactics across those business functions within a particular company and across businesses within that company’s supply chain. The end effect is improving long termRead MoreSupply Chain Management : Strategic Management833 Words   |  4 PagesAll flows of information, products or funds generate costs within the supply chain. Efficient management of these flows is the key to success in the supply chain. Effective and efficient supply chain management involves the management of supply chain assets and product, information, and fund flows to maximize total supply chain profitability. â€Å"Supply chain efficiency is related to whether a company’s processes ar e harnessing resources in the best way possible, whether those resources are financialRead MoreStrategic Sourcing Of A Supply Chain Management1271 Words   |  6 PagesResponsible Sourcing Before a supply chain manager can truly understand strategic sourcing, they must have a good working knowledge of the purchasing and procurement processes, which I will explain in detail later in my research. Strategic sourcing is an aspect of supply chain management that is becoming more prevalent in the business world. Without strategic sourcing a firm will not and cannot maximize the potential of its supply chain and altogether meet the company’s overall business goalsRead MoreStrategic Supply Chain Management And Logistics2199 Words   |  9 Pages International Academy Of New Zealand Strategic Supply Chain Management and Logistics Assignment 2 Author: Gurdev Singh E-mail: singhgurdev89@ymail.com Research Paper for Element 1 DB704 Strategic Supply Chain Management and Logistics Abstract Supply chain is an important part of all businesses that provide in the various sectors of a finishedRead MoreSupply Chain Management : Strategic Objectives2699 Words   |  11 Pagescollaborative supply networks [1] [10], in order to sustain competitive advantage [5] and responsiveness. Thus, Supply Chain Management is a critical concept for every organization in terms of adopted supply chain tactics and their impact on the organizational strategic objectives [5], an identified, by the existing literature fact. Wiengarten, Pagell and Fynes mention that nowadays ‘’ the competition is not between companies but between supply chains’’ [10]. One of the major and most popular supply chainRead MorePrinciples And Strategic Elements Of Supply Chain Management1323 Words   |  6 PagesObjectives, principles and strategic elements of Supply Chain Management Supply Chain Management already exists for more than hundred years. It wasn’t defined as terminology for some period of time and it took years to develop it. It began with Fredrick Taylor’s â€Å"The Principles of Scientific Management† that was concentrated on improvement of manual loading processes all the way to Supply Chain Management we have now (Lamprecht, James; Page 180). Because Supply Chain Management spreading beyond locationRead MoreSupply Chain Management : Strategic And Operational Levels Essay2083 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction: Supply chain management is composed of different elements that play a crucial role in the survival and success of a business. Supply chain management is a chain of elements that consists of customers, planning, purchasing, inventory, production and transportation which are managed through tactical, strategic and operational levels. Technology covers a major functional role in supply chain without which the activities and responsibilities of supply chain may not be achieved. The globalRead MoreAn Analysis of Toyotas Strategic Procurement and Supply Chain Management4932 Words   |  20 PagesPurchasing Materials Management | | Strategic Procurement Supply Chain Management | Introduction The topic selected is (Strategic Procurement Supply Chain Management). For this study, we have selected Toyota Motor Corporations as our company of choice. Toyota is without doubt the best in the world, with its many philosophies and principles on how to make the best out of the least; JIT, lean production and elimination of waste and the desire for continuous improvement are just a fewRead MoreAn Analysis of Toyotas Strategic Procurement and Supply Chain Management4917 Words   |  20 PagesPurchasing Materials Management | | Strategic Procurement Supply Chain Management | Introduction The topic selected is (Strategic Procurement Supply Chain Management). For this study, we have selected Toyota Motor Corporations as our company of choice. Toyota is without doubt the best in the world, with its many philosophies and principles on how to make the best out of the least; JIT, lean production and elimination of waste and the desire for continuous improvement are just a few waysRead MoreFord Motor Company: Supply Chain Management and Strategic Fit3663 Words   |  15 Pagesï » ¿Ford Motor Company Supply Chain Management and Strategic Fit University of Arkansas Fall Second Session 2011 Supply Chain Management for Operations Managers Written by: Albert Carter For: Instructor Nia Wright December 9, 2011 Abstract This report covers the performance of Ford Motor Company over the past 10 years and analyzes the results of its â€Å"One Ford† business plan. The main question this report answers is whether Ford’s resent actions match the supply chain strategy of the new

Section 377A of the Penal Code

Question: Describe about the Section 377A of the Penal Code? Answer: The paper aims at providing persuasive arguments in order to defend the position of the researcher on the issue of Section 377A of the Penal Code. There have been numerous debates in the Singapore Parliament about Section 377A of the Penal Code. The highest court of Singapore has upheld Section 377A of the Penal Code due to which gay couples feel that their right to equality is being questioned. As per Section 377A of the Penal Code, any male person who is found to commit or abdets the commission by any other male person, in public or private. Section 377A of the Penal Code was introduced in the Singapore Penal Code in 1938 (Au, 2011). It was introduced to criminalise all non-penetrative acts between men. However, there is still plenty of research work going on to determine the reasons why Singapore administration sought to take up such an issue and enact such a law when there were more pressing issues. During the early decades of 20th century, prostitution was one of the primary con cerns in Singapore. Hence, British had found it difficult to use Section 377 in order to prosecute men who used to have sex with their male clients. In those cases, a new law of Section 377A which was weird to convict any form of non-penetrative sexual activity between men. Further, two men found naked in a place is sufficient to charge to be against those men. During 19980s, prostitution was one of the primary concerns in Britain. At that time, it was legal to have sex with teenage girls of age 13 years (Chen, 2010). However, buying and selling of girls alarmingly increased and it was alarmed by many middle class citizens. To address these concerns, Criminal Law Amendment Bill was drafted in 1981. However, a new scandal in 1985 aroused a new debate in Singapore Parliament about the law. There were numerous issues, such as social, religious, moral and ethnic surrounding the Section 377A of the Penal Code in Singapore. Religion has always been involved in the discussion regarding the same sex union and homosexuality. The religion in Singapore included mostly Buddhists, Christians, Muslims, Hindus and other religions. Most of the people belonged to Christianity i.e. 33.35% of the total population (Chen, 2010). They believed that homosexuality is sinful in eyes of God. Hence, Christianity didnt favour same sex unions. On the other hand, Hindus in Singapore had contrary beliefs and values to Christians. The general beliefs of a Hindu included karma, Dharma, Samsara and Moksha and they recognised a third sex in Vedas which is reference to LGBT in Kama Sutra. Hence, Hindus were in favour of same-sex unions or homosexuality. In spite of this, homosexuality or same-sex unions have been discouraged since it was believed that it was against religion. Besides the religious issues, there were many social issues surrounding the Section 377A of the penal code (Chen, 2010). In typical Singapore society, it was believed that heterosexuality was based on the ideologies that it is related to procreation while homosexuality was related to being stigmatized. Moreover, families in Singapore were very strict about their religion and hence opposed same-sex unions. The concept of heterosexual matrix was valid for typical Singapore families and when this matrix was altered, families were required to cope with the alteration. Families had to decide to either resist it or accept it. Alternatively, individuals had to face the reaction of society and families (Young, 2007). As a result, homosexuals choose not to announce their sexual orientation in order to safeguard the honour of their families and parents in society. Due to mass opposition of same-sex unions, Section 377A of the penal code had to establish. Hence, the penal code revised the law criminalising the men to make physical relations. As a result of the revision, Section 377 A was formed. Section 377 A is a law that prohibits adult men to indulge in oral and anal sex (Sanders, 2007). Following this, there were numerous debates carried by people who were against or for the legislation. Many online petitions were filed by the supporters of same-sex unions through keep377a.com and repeal377a.com (Gupta, 2006). The arguments presented in favour of 377a included the position of secular state and slippery slope argument. Foremost, it was put forward that secular state should accept the view of the majority and reject the view of minority. Members of Parliament in Singapore phrased that abolishing 377a would send wrong signal to the society that the living styles of the people have changed (Taylor, 2007). Hence, homosexuality could never become a lifestyle and acceptable social norm in Singapore. Secondly, slippery slope argument presented by MPs in parliament ruled out that same-sex unions and adoption of child by them should be legalised and then stalled before they come into effect. This is a scenario is Taiwan but this kind of step could lead numerous legislative problems in the Parlia ment and might also lead to societal issues due to wide-ranging views. Thirdly, passing a law prohibiting the male-male sex would protect traditional family structures and values (Gopalan, 2007). However, many studies reveal that 377a couldnt be regarded as a symbol of secular state as a secular state should balance the interest of different groups. 377a couldnt achieve neutrality (Sanders, 2007). In nutshell, it can be concluded that enactment of Section 377a was followed by mix reactions from different groups of society. On one hand, Christians were against the same-sex unions while on the other hand, Hindus were favouring it. These prejudices were found to come from incomplete and wrong information. Studies reveal that unbiased sex education can help people change their mindsets regarding the same-sex unions or homosexuality. Homosexuality is not illegal but Singaporeans are taught that it is illegal. References Au, A. (2011). "When you should vote PAP". Yawning Bread. Chen, J. (2010). "Singapore's Culture War Over Section 377A: Through the Lens of Public Choice and Multi-Lingual Research". Social Science Research Network. Young, T. (2007). "Our Time Has Come". Trevvy. Sanders, D. (2007), (PDF). "377 and the unnatural afterlife of British colonialism". Fridae. Taylor, P. (2007). "Why Section 377A is redundant". Yawning Bread. Gopalan, M. (2007). "A heftier list of s. 377A cases". Yawning Bread. Sanders, D. (2007). "The mystery of 377". Fridae. Gupta, A. (2006). "Section 377 and the Dignity of Indian Homosexuals". The Economic and Political Weekly.

Miss Julie Setting Essay Example

Miss Julie Setting Paper The historical setting contributes largely, not only to the theme, but also, the of details of the play. Charles Darwin’s â€Å"Origin of Species† was published less than thirty years before, August Strindberg’s â€Å"Miss Julie†. The introduction of Social Darwinism in 1800s was an essential to the naturalist genre within the play, and can be seen to have had an immense influence on â€Å"Miss Julie†. The simultaneous fall of Miss Julie and rise of Jean is evidently as a consequence of the theory of â€Å"survival of the fittest†, which was gaining popularity around the time Miss Julie was written. Jean’s competence, ambitious nature and better adaptability to the social structure of society, and Miss Julie’s dilemma over her position in the class structure, leads to her tragic downfall. The freedom of women and their equality to men was as a concept, in its adolescent stage, slowly gaining momentum, and so, the open-mindedness of Miss Julie and her mother, are depicted as a fallacy of their disposition that leads to disaster. August Strindberg wrote Miss Julie in 1880, only ten years later than the year when women were, for the first time, allowed to study at universities, but only certain courses. We will write a custom essay sample on Miss Julie Setting specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Miss Julie Setting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Miss Julie Setting specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Strindberg mocks the idea of equality of men and women, as he, through Miss Julie, describes the result of Miss Julie’s mother trying to generate equality between the two genders, by saying â€Å"The whole place fell apart and we became the laughing stock of the area. † References Darwin, Charles, and David Quammen. On the Origin of Species. New York: Sterling, 2008. Print. French, David, and August Strindberg. Miss Julie. Vancouver: Talon, 2006. Print.

Dangerous Business Response Essay Example

Dangerous Business Response Essay Example Dangerous Business Response Essay Dangerous Business Response Essay Dangerous Business Response I thought that the dangerous business video effectively spotlighted the varying approaches different companies use with regard to workplace and employee safety, and general ethical practices and dealings. I found the occurrences at McWane Incorporation to be quite fascinating, as I had no idea that some company’s workplace conditions were still so horrible in the United States today. I found it amazing that McWane was basically able to circumvent the law by barely meeting necessary standards, and by barely doing what they need to do to avoid heavy liabilities. Practices like those of Mcwane’s bring in to question whether sacrificing basic human safety in the way that Mcwane does is actually profitable. Well it is clear that for the economy as a whole that Mcwane’s, as well as there subsidiaries such as Tyler Pipe’s actions are quite detrimental. While their practices might help improve their bottom line, along they way they have destroyed lives and families, ultimately hurting the work force. While the practices and decision-making of McWane Incorporation are highly unethical, whether or not they should be allowed to do what they are doing is an entirely different question. I understand the approach taken by McWane executives: do whatever is necessary to turn a profit. When you think about the risks and competition associated with the business world today, this ideology and reasoning seems to be sound, however this does not take into consideration the long term and far reaching effects of neglecting the environment and basic human safety needs. Business managers today are under a lot of pressure to make their companies profitable by any means necessary, which is evident by Mcwane’s Discipline Management Practices. On the whole my main issue with McWane is that I believe that they could change their business practices and move to become a more ethically sound business, and still remain just as profitable. I would not have as much of an issue with their approach if it really truly was the most efficient and profitable way to run a business. However, when you look at the practices and successes of the American Cast Iron Pipe Company, is it very clear that this is not the case. The American Cast Iron Pipe Co. uns business in the same industry as Tyler Pipe, and uses similar equipment and machinery for many of their operations. The difference between the two companies is that Cast Iron Pipe Co. is able to run a profitable business and at the same time maintain a safe workplace and clean environmental record. Cast Iron also does not engage in some of the unethical practices of Tyler such as targeting ex-cons for employment to help offset turnover issues, or sending injured workers to incompetent med ical clinics. I feel like doing things such as improving the workplace and treating the environment better attract more workers, and also happier workers. Because more people want to work for ethical businesses like Cast Iron that run their business based on the Golden Rule, those companies have access to better employees. Also, those employees working for a company like Cast Iron Pipe are likely to do a better job because they are happier and have a sense of security. All in all â€Å"Dangerous Business† shows that cutting back on employee and workplace safety spending, and trying to save money by meeting the bare minimum environmental standards does not ultimately help a company, as these decisions have far reaching internal effects. Plain and simple unhappy employees who feel unsafe at work are not going to work up to their maximum potential because they are unhappy. I think that there should be stricter standards and penalties for unethical business practices, and I think there needs to be more enforcement of the laws.

Strategy Plan for Ikea Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strategy Plan for Ikea - Research Paper Example The new invented idea grew up very well compared to other companies whereby they used emails in giving orders. Giving orders by mail help them sell more than they used to do there earlier. The main challenges faced by the company were generating awareness in new countries, being able to make target ,ensuring the company do not go at a loss, creating new customers and ways of getting them, other competitor selling the same product at a cheaper price and getting new employee who is willing to comply with the company rule. Generating awareness in a new a country is a very expensive task whereby you need unique techniques to make the community or the different tribe to know IKEA company and know the product sold by it. The methods that used in most of the time were quite expensive. The mostly used methods used were tv and radio advertisements, sending marketers to the markets to do the market one on one with the customers or the buyers in the community and by putting billboards and posters around the urban areas. In different countries they speak different language whereby they had to train an employee who have been working for the company for several years and a person who is experience and know the products well and make the person know to read, write and speak the foreign language. The idea will help the company be able to venture into the new country and do the marketing. The decision is perilous whereby the company could just trust the employees trained the new foreign language that they are doing the right thing (Kim and Mauborgne 1). In this case the senior management in Sweden did not know what was happening in the foreign country and the could wait until the sales and this is the time they get an explicit feedback if the markets have done a smart job or not. New employees have to be employed with a nationality of the country, at least to have people who have the foreign language as their mother tongue. This was to ensure that the marketers will

Food Issue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Food Issue - Essay Example In my opinion, I would support solar-based agriculture. First, the system has been shown to be prudent in saving energy. In my place, farmers have been spending too much energy that is available to produce crops in the petroleum-based agriculture. Moreover, the solar-based will help in conserving our local environment there will be less use of fertilizers and other forms of chemicals (Pollan 1). Secondly, I would support the solar-based agriculture due to the immense benefit it has on health. This is because the petroleum-based agriculture has led to the production of cheap food that is of low quality. Such food lacks essential nutrients and mostly comprised of fats. The effect has been the rise of various chronic diseases that are costly to the American people (Pollan 1). Thirdly, solar-based agriculture will help the country reduce overreliance of food from other countries. Food from foreign countries may provide a leeway for terrorist activities. Hence, solar-based agriculture wil l help production of food locally that is free from contamination from the rest of the world (Pollan 1). Recently, there has been growing interest in the community to shift to local foods and farms. The shift has been based on several reasons. The shift to local food has been mainly due to realization that the food is healthier, nutritious and of quality value. On the other hand, the shift to local farms has been due to the high prices of food produced through local means. In fact, it has come to the attention of the farmers that consumers are willing to pay an extra cash to get locally produced

Sociol Cultural Homogenisation And The Role Of Media Media Essay

Sociol Cultural Homogenisation And The Role Of Media Media Essay There is a huge amount of debate on whether media actually leads to homogenisation process and thereby the subsequent creation of Global culture and whether there is such thing as global culture. Is the widening and deepening of international flows of culture through media in a single integrated market leading to the emergence of a global culture? If so, what are the factors which facilitate the creation of this homogenisation? These are some of the issues that the paper seeks to focus; the paper will also deal with the role of the local in responding or not responding to the impact of media. In short, the dynamic relationship between the local and the global is analysed in the paper. Introduction: Globalisation and media are closely inter-connected. The growth of globalisation has accelerated to a large extent with the growth and development of media technology especially in areas of TV, films, internet, videos, music, news etc. Media acts as an agent of globalisation in generating homogenisation by spreading cultural symbols, ideas and practices across socio cultural settings of the world. The impact of media is instant, it moves quicker than any material goods or people. It has a tremendous impact on both sustaining and weakening or eroding the fabric of social life. The more efficient the media is in communicating, the more effective it is in stabilising or destabilising existing social, political, religious etc scenario. Media actively constructs peoples identity across the dimensions of nations, race, class, gender, ethnicity etc in a number of ways, which often lead to homogenisation process. The media imposes their powerful images, sounds and advertisements on a vast ra nge of peoples of the world who most often succumb to their messages which are mostly designed to increase the profits of capitalist firms. Globalisation involves expanding worldwide flows of material objects and symbols and the proliferation of organisations and institutions within global reach that structure those flows. The process of globalisation is also characterised by relationships that are mediated through symbols of values, preferences and tastes etc through the powerful impact of media. The impact of media globalisation is manifold: it can lead to hybridisation of cultures, assertion of cultural autonomy and identity, cultural conflict, localisation, creolisation and homogenisation. However in my paper the focus is mainly on the homogenising effect of media globalisation on the socio cultural settings of the world and the factors which facilitates the creation of this homogenisation. Hannerz distinguishes between three dimensions of culture, which indicates that cultures are susceptible to global dynamics: Ideas and modes of thoughts: The entire array of concepts, propositions, values and mental operations that people within some social unit carry together. Forms of externalisation: The different ways in which ideas and modes of thought are made public and made accessible to the senses eg, forms of art, food habits etc. Social distribution: The ways in which people`s ideas and modes of thoughts and external forms are spread over a population and its social relationships. Thus, understanding structures of shared knowledge, values, beliefs, experience and meanings in all their complexities remain the core concern of cultural analysis. Media technology plays a major part in transmission of the second and third dimension of Hannerz definition of culture. According to Hannerz, media in particular are machineries of meanings: they enable communication without being in one other`s immediate presence  [1]  . In contemporary complex cultures, people increasingly make use of the media to externalise and distribute their ideas and thoughts throughout the world. This is how cultures as a system of meanings, symbols and actions get expressed in different form and media plays a major role in their transmission across the rest of the globe. Therefore culture is also about sharedness. The concept of de territorialisation as also referred by Appadurai, explains the inter connectivity of cultures across nations. These cultures are in contact with media in one way or the other and constantly influence each other in terms of tastes, styles, value systems, ideas, meanings and practices. According to Ritzer, the theory of socialisation and social interaction teach that human transcend in their social group through a process of acquiring culture and other gestures from parents and other social group members and social facts that happen in the environment in which the person lives. Here the environment in which each individual lives also includes media mediation and translation of social reality and thus culture is transmitted and diffused across cultures through the workings of the media. Media also play a major role in the continual re shaping of cultural identity. Benedict Anderson, points out that nation as imagined communities often started out as media audience. Media articulate the meanings and experiences associated with particular social identities in a globalised context and export them to different distant places. Arjun Appadurai makes clear that people around the world are increasingly living a fictional lives based on media narratives and imagery. People around the world can now connect with like- minded others which binds people together irrespective of language, home background and socio economic circumstances eg:- allegiance to Real Madrid or Manchester United as global football club. Internet connections enable fans scattered across the globe to remain in touch and meet up regularly. Popular culture leads to formation of distinctive organisational forms and practices which are hybrid in nature. They are neither local nor global but a distinctive hybrid culture of transnational where fan clubs of a particular sport like football, cricket etc or iconic figures like Michael Jackson come together and form a unique transnational group where hybrid names, emblems and material products emerge. This trend emerges with the formation of internet communities and networks. They allow intensive contact with other cultures without actual bodily or localized contact and have an impact on the minds and practices of the people. However the intensity of impact depends on the way in which information are processes and digested in the receiving cultures. New channels of intensified social connectivity are permitted by contemporary electronic media Eg:- social networking sites like facebook, orkut etc. Live global television covering a single event carried through the satellite news carriers covers varied and diverse locations and geographical areas. This brings together people across great distances and social relations become radically freed from l ocal contexts, and spatial distances become less important, and a greater consciousness of a world outside the local context come into picture. It produces a sense of globalised reality eg:- the recent FIFA World 2010, Cricket World Cup 2011 etc. This live global television is experienced by large numbers of people worldwide and creates an extension of social connections across time and space. Increased oneness of the world is accelerated by such forces. There is international corporate ownership of media enterprises which ensures that there is an increasing consumption of material goods and sharing of cultural icons across large numbers of people. These processes construct a shared experience of time and a collective memory for different groups of people. Thus Mass culture is created which is a product of modern communications. There is a huge amount of debate on whether media leads to homogenisation process and thereby the subsequent creation of Global culture and whether there is such thing as global culture. Is the widening and deepening of international flows of culture through media in a single integrated market leading to the emergence of a global culture? The term global cultural flow according to Arjun Appadurai, is used to indicate the simultaneous fluid movement and changing meaning of ideas as well as their location and passage through specific historical, linguistic and political contexts. Global culture is used to denote the growing uniformity and homogenisation of the world`s cultures which serves as a magnet attracting people to particular ideas regarding economic opportunities and consumption. Consumer culture: Global culture is often held to be a media driven construct dependent upon the profit seeking production of mass mediated signs and symbols. The emergence of global culture is often taken as the direct outcome of the capitalist market institution restructuring to get desires, create needs and thereby open up a new arena for capital accumulation leading to commoditisation, commercialisation and consumerism made possible by media ads and communication industries in their drive to maximise profits. Global consumerism thrives on the promotion of brand names like rolex, addidas, reebok, coca cola, Mc Donalds etc based on what people would like rather than what they are and need. This consumer culture is filled with new community signs which form the popular culture allied to global media translated through the market. There is a growing similarity which transcends frontiers and similar trend of styles of dressing, consumption of sports, music preferences, eating habits etc has emerged. Th e term MC world has been coined to describe the standardisation of an American consumer culture, a combination of fast food, fast music and fast computers that bring people together through a common consumption of commodified cultural production. According to Hermans and Kempen in their article Moving Cultures, referred to Glocalisation in economic usage where they introduced the term micromarketing i`e is the tailoring and advertisements of goods and services globally to increasingly local and diverse cultures. Thus, they talked about the creation of differentiated consumers and the emergence of consumer culture of the same global goods and services. They further problematises the relationship between the local and the global where cultures constantly interpenetrates with each other and become a part of the interconnectedness of the world system. Therefore the distinction between what it global and what is local becomes blurred and the presumed homogeneity of the local or internal and the distinctiveness of the global or external becomes problematic. Thus globalisation also involves the blurring of clear cut distinction between the local and global. What is local becomes global and what is global becomes local and sometimes they may become indistinguishable and homogenised. Media globalisation increasingly involved the creation and incorporation of locality. These processes is largely seen through the TV enterprise like CNN and MTV which seeks global markets and focussed on culturally diverse and differentiated groups. Dominance of west: Many have argued that global culture is more of western culture domination and enforcement of western culture on the rest of the world which is referred to as westernisation. The imposition of American culture in the form of TV, Videos, Pop music, Films and Ads on vulnerable communities unable to protect them from the sheer volume and intensity of exposition to media is widely under attacked. In recent years US has enjoyed a growing surplus for audio visual products (TV, Video, and Cinema) with the EU. Globally, the US accounts for about 75% of all TV programme exports. American Time Warner organisation claims to be the largest media company in the world. During the last decade there is a struggle for the formation of a new Information order from the Third World countries with a determination not to remain passive recipient to the west active centre. Countries like France, Italy, China, Canada, North Korea etc has imposed a check on US media imports for different reasons. Hence questions are being raised regarding prior consent for Transborder home reception, the production of communication technology on definition of privacy and also attempt to develop their own regional media. Fears of US media domination lead to Mc Bride Report 1980, which lead UNESCO to call for a restructuring of global media along more egalitarian lines. The WTO and International Tele communications Satellite Organisation (INTELSAT) are among the prestigious international bodies that have attempted to establish guidelines for the regulation of global cultural flow. However for some writers globalization is not westernization. According to them, outwardly analysis may appeared that the world is oriented towards westernisation rather than globalisation especially when one could see the popularity of the western music, movies, and McDonalds etc where more and more countries are seen playing the top chart of the pop list of USA and Hollywood movies and US-made television serials (like Friends and the Simpsons) are becoming widespread processes of cultural transmission. However, a closer examination indicates that the impact of the flow of these cultural goods have different meanings in different societal and cultural contexts with uneven impact on classes and age groups. Some of the products are consumed without any modification; others are modified and indigenized to suit the local contexts. Nevertheless, westernisation can be seen as a part of Globalisation. Media Imperialism: There is a construction of media order through the entrepreneurial devices of a comparatively small number of global players eg Time Warner, Sony, Rupert Murdoch News Corporation and Walt Disney Company. News globalisation was dominated by press wire services in the 19th century, however in the 1970`s and 1980`s electronic media globalisation increased. Aggressive media companies like Rupert Murdoch`s News Corporation yielded a massive conglomerates of other global media industries. Cable News Network (CNN) has struggled to become a 24 hour news provider, watched religiously by global business and political elites of the world. The result was an undeniable increase in the degree to which people`s everyday lives are experienced through the media. Several large media companies like Viacom, Disney, Time Warner etc over the last decade have evolved from being a local industry to large global conglomerates based on new forms of vertical and horizontal integration. These media conglomerati on was made possible by media deregulation in major western economies. These conglomerates not only have access to enormous quantities of investment capital but also the ability to minimise financial risks by managing their media products across different world markets in their areas of influence. For instance, News Corporation began as a print enterprise in Australia, spread into TV in UK in the 1970`s. This is now targeting the huge Chinese and Indian markets with its Star TV system which currently broadcasts in over 20 Asian languages. There is a popular concern about the growing concentration of ownership of global media production and transmission in the hands of a small number of corporations. For example, the past two decades have experience a huge expansion of the pop music industry, MTV has now become 24 hour music channels in America, Europe and Asia. But 70% of all pop music is produced and distributed by a handful of multinational corporations that integrate production, transmission and promotion ensuring that certain iconic faces like Madonna, Michael Jackson etc are everywhere, on TV, video, films, CD`s, magazines, newspapers, advertisements, radio and even designed on T shirts and many other things. The flow of information was dominated by multinational entities based in the most powerful nations leading to what is known as medial imperialism. Global and the local: The widespread claim of homogenisation of world cultures; the global as pro active and the local as reactive to global culture have been found to be unlikely by many scholars. They have argued that the local do not remain a passive recipient of global cultures transmitted to them through the media but the local have its own way of interpreting global influences according to its relativity. One such defender of this view is Robertson, who maintained that diffusion and transfer of ideas and values across socio cultural formations adapt to a particular local culture, which he termed as Glocalization. He talked about ambivalence and ambiguity of human culture in globalised world. Globalisation itself has no meaning unless it is connected in the context of the local. For him, globalisation is able to link locales together both materially and ideationally. Hence the local and global are inter connected and influence each other simultaneously and the media acts as an agent in increasing thi s process of glocalization and globalisation. This results in not only homogenisation but also hybridisation of cultures as the global gets localised according to the suitability and necessity of that particular contexts. To quote Robertson, An international TV enterprise like CNN produces and reproduces a particular pattern of relations between localities, a pattern which depends on a kind of recipe of locality  [2]  . He further illustrates how certain religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, and Taoism etc involved a long process of Glocalization after its dissemination throughout the globe. Following form this and relating it to the present context of information technologically advanced world, we see that religions are being widely promoted through the media. Religious channels are available 24/7 on TV, internet etc. These channels reach out to different regions of the world and are either absorbed and assimilated into the existing settings and become glocalised or they are rejec ted completely as a threat to their existing values and beliefs system. From here we can induce how the media play an important role in localising the global. Thus, the relation between the local and the global remain complex and negotiable terrain. Basically the politics of the glocal refers to globalisation from below which means that the impact of the global to a certain extent is in the hands of the local. This is because the local is not just a passive recipient of whatever globalisation through media brings at their doorstep influencing their lifestyles, ideas, values etc but the local is something active which constantly accommodates, assimilate and transforms different cultures that are brought to them, interpreting them according to its convenience and adaptability. Another reaction of the local to the global is the rejectionist attitude. There are many local movements who vehemently attempts to reject or resist the globalisation process and the impact of media consumerist culture claiming to protect their cultural identity or the purity of their culture. Some remain hostile to globalisation impact due to its ability to erode the traditional value system and the adverse affect on their socio cultural moral system. Contemporary indigenous movements are becoming increasingly global Eg:- Native people`s Movement increasingly use the media to defend or promote their rejection of globalisation process. In a globalised world, people constantly used the media to mobilise people as a local assertions against globalisation influence. In the present context, promotion of locality through the media has become a common trend. There is an attempt to globally organise the rights and identities of natives or indigenous people`s movement. The emergence of popul ar culture and the growing commodification of the consumer`s experience popularised and sensationalised by media is seen by many as posing a threat to the richness and diversity of cultural practices, resulting in the description of mass consumerism as a monolithic force with one dimensional causal effects on the traditional cultures. There are certain closed group which remain suspicious about the impact of media globalisation and attempts to curb and regulate the free expression of media itself. Such kind of group would be countries like China, Japan, Muslim fundamentalist etc however in the context of contemporary advancement of media technology it becomes difficult to remain intact by the homogenising influence of media. Nevertheless, the idea of uniformity of culture should not undermine the pervasive impact of counter currents that emerges from the local reception of the global. Wilkinson (1995) has developed the thesis that today, Conclusion: However claims of Global culture and its impact on cultures without uninterrupted reception by age, class, gender and geography etc is naive. Thus a deeper probing of the complex relationship between the global and local is necessary because human beings are not without rational analysis or do not have any personal choice but they are thinking individuals with a mind of their own capable of deciding what is best for themselves and hence they do not succumb to the global consumer culture unmindfully but translates the impact of media according to their own reality. Tomlinson made a distinction between culture as lived experience and culture as represented in media. He had argued that the realities in peoples lives are much more powerful than mere representation in global televisions and people do not get manipulated easily by the reception of media. He furthers argues that the cultural critics have overlooked the capacity of the audience to negotiate the possible contradictions in the reception of media. To him the power of the media should not be exaggerated by looking at media as mediating cultural experience rather than the determining force. Ang also refers to interpersonal drama to mean that media products are interpreted differently in different cultural contexts. Avijit Pathak is another who also talks about the politics of culture where cultures constantly negotiate in its interaction and influences. For him, even though there is a dominant global culture emanating, the process of reception becomes contextualised and gain a hermeneutic form, this he calls the art of resistance. For Wilkinson only one global civilisation exists which is a direct descendent of 1500 BC civilisation in the near East when Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilisation collided and fused. This entity spread all over the globe and engulf all others previously independent civilisation like Chinese, Japanese and western into one global civilisation. His idea was of connectedness of the world into one system rather than uniformity. People who interact with each other continuously belong to the same civilisation even if their cultures might be very dissimilar and hostile to each other  [3]  . Expansion of media communication increases connectivity of cultures, thus a chain of cultural networks are created no matter however they are connected either hostile or differently but they are still interacting with each other and hence influences each other in one way or the other and results in the emergence of certain similar trends. Therefore, what is undeniable is that media globalisation in o ne form or the other has an impact on the lives and consciousness of almost every one cutting across transnational borders, cultures, ethnicity, gender, class, age etc. Thus, global media is rendering almost everyone with something of a cosmopolitan culture. What was once local has become global and the line between the division of global and local is thinning and becoming blurred day by day.

Essay --

â€Å"Currency devaluation is typically an event resulting from a policy (political) decision and is most often associated with the nations that elect to â€Å"fix† the exchange rate for domestic currency in relation to another nation’s (or region’s) currency or some other fixed standard† (Owen, 2005). In other words, devaluation occurs in a situation when a country is operating under a fixed exchange rate regime and its government decides to lower the value of its currency in relation to the currency it is pegged against. In the case of Venezuela, the bolà ­var fuerte is pegged against the US dollar. A government objective generally associated with devaluation is the improvement of a trade deficit. If a country’s imports are greater than their exports, devaluing their currency can help, as it reduces the â€Å"purchasing power of domestic money in terms of foreign goods and increases the purchasing power of foreign money in terms of domestic goods† (Johnson, 1971). This in effect means domestic goods (exports) become cheaper and imports become more expensive, resulting in an increase in the demand for exports, with a fall in imports, and hence improving the balance of payments. Being South America’s largest oil-producing nation, Venezuela receives most of its export income from this industry. It therefore comes as no surprise that devaluation is so attractive to their policy makers as increased demand for their oil exports would allow them to accumulate more domestic monetary resources. However, an implication of this policy has been the negative effect on th e poor who spend the majority of their income on food and other basic necessities that are mainly imported goods. With inflation averaging between 20-30%, this has meant that fewer goods are... ... cites the theory of Mundel(1960) and says that, " According to this theory, it is impossible to simultaneously have a fixed exchange rate, free capital movement (an absence of capital controls), and an independent monetary policy. In conclusion, a currency devaluation whose primary aim is to improve the balance of payments has both its advantages and disadvantages. In the case of Venezuela, it has done more harm than benefited the economy. Even if the government were to try and borrow, very few investors would be willing to hold Venezuelan government debt as it would be deemed very unattractive and risky. Devaluation has in many cases been known to reduce the credit worthiness of an economy on the global markets. In the end, it could also result in an out flow of investments as investors may feel that the risk is too high for them when they invest in Venezuela. Essay -- â€Å"Currency devaluation is typically an event resulting from a policy (political) decision and is most often associated with the nations that elect to â€Å"fix† the exchange rate for domestic currency in relation to another nation’s (or region’s) currency or some other fixed standard† (Owen, 2005). In other words, devaluation occurs in a situation when a country is operating under a fixed exchange rate regime and its government decides to lower the value of its currency in relation to the currency it is pegged against. In the case of Venezuela, the bolà ­var fuerte is pegged against the US dollar. A government objective generally associated with devaluation is the improvement of a trade deficit. If a country’s imports are greater than their exports, devaluing their currency can help, as it reduces the â€Å"purchasing power of domestic money in terms of foreign goods and increases the purchasing power of foreign money in terms of domestic goods† (Johnson, 1971). This in effect means domestic goods (exports) become cheaper and imports become more expensive, resulting in an increase in the demand for exports, with a fall in imports, and hence improving the balance of payments. Being South America’s largest oil-producing nation, Venezuela receives most of its export income from this industry. It therefore comes as no surprise that devaluation is so attractive to their policy makers as increased demand for their oil exports would allow them to accumulate more domestic monetary resources. However, an implication of this policy has been the negative effect on th e poor who spend the majority of their income on food and other basic necessities that are mainly imported goods. With inflation averaging between 20-30%, this has meant that fewer goods are... ... cites the theory of Mundel(1960) and says that, " According to this theory, it is impossible to simultaneously have a fixed exchange rate, free capital movement (an absence of capital controls), and an independent monetary policy. In conclusion, a currency devaluation whose primary aim is to improve the balance of payments has both its advantages and disadvantages. In the case of Venezuela, it has done more harm than benefited the economy. Even if the government were to try and borrow, very few investors would be willing to hold Venezuelan government debt as it would be deemed very unattractive and risky. Devaluation has in many cases been known to reduce the credit worthiness of an economy on the global markets. In the end, it could also result in an out flow of investments as investors may feel that the risk is too high for them when they invest in Venezuela.